Using a GnRH agonist to obtain an index of testosterone secretory capacity in the cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) and sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita)     

EM Lovas  SD Johnston  LJ Filippich 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(1-2):52-56

Objective   Validation of a stimulation test for determining the steroidogenic capacity of the parrot testis. The major aim was to characterise testosterone secretion after injection of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa), then use the test to investigate seasonal reproduction in the male cockatiel.
Procedure   A synthetic GnRHa (buserelin; 8.0 µg of peptide/kg bodyweight) was injected IM into male cockatiels (n = 7) and sulphur-crested cockatoos (n = 3) and serial blood samples collected at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after administration. Once validated, the technique was subsequently used to examine seasonal changes (23 months) in the testosterone profile of a captive cockatiel population.
Results   Injection of buserelin resulted in a significant increase in the testosterone concentration of cockatiel plasma, with maximal concentrations occurring at approximately 60 (1.33 ± 0.08 ng/mL) to 90 min (1.22 ± 0.08 ng/mL) after injection. Although no clear pattern of seasonal variation in testosterone secretion was detected in cockatiel plasma, samples taken 60 and 90 min after administration showed a significant increase in all seasons. Injection of buserelin in the sulphur-crested cockatoo also resulted in increased testosterone secretion, with maximal concentrations obtained after 90 min.
Conclusion   Buserelin can be used to obtain a reliable index of the prevailing testosterone capacity of the cockatiel and cockatoo testis. With further studies, this test may be incorporated into clinical assessment of reproductive status.  相似文献   

Carcase characteristics and qualitative meat traits of three Italian local chicken breeds     

Zanetti E  De Marchi M  Dalvit C  Molette C  Remignon H  Cassandro M 《British poultry science》2010,51(5):629-634

1. An experiment involving 60 male chickens reared in an organic production system was carried out in order to investigate carcase characteristics and qualitative meat traits of three slow-growing Italian local breeds of chicken (Ermellinata, Padovana and Pepoi). 2. Chicks were randomly selected at hatch, raised together under the same conditions, slaughtered at 190 d of age, dissected for carcase traits, and meat (breast and thigh) stored for subsequent analysis of quality parameters. 3. Ermellinata (EA) chickens were significantly different from Padovana (PA) and Pepoi (PI) chickens for live, carcase and thigh weights. Breeds were also different for breast muscle protein content (EA > PI and PA), shear force (PA < EA and PI) and cooking loss (PI > PA and EA) values. 4. The CIE system values of lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) evidenced a distinctive darker meat and lighter skin colour of PA breast meat. 5. Polyunsaturated fatty acids composition of breast meat was similar among the analysed breeds. EA had significantly higher saturated but significantly lower monounsaturated fatty acid contents than the other two breeds.  相似文献   

灵芝多糖提取纯化及抗氧化研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨德  周明  程薇  李露  高虹  史德芳  杜欣  陈明利 《湖北农业科学》2010,49(11)

采用Sevag法和HCl法研究了灵芝多糖纯化过程中的去蛋白方法,通过不同体积分数乙醇分级醇沉多糖的沉淀量探索了不同来源灵芝多糖的抗氧化性。结果表明,Sevag法和HCl法都可除去灵芝多糖提取液中的杂蛋白,但两种方法的去蛋白效果和多糖损失率差异明显。Sevag法的蛋白去除率(82.41%)高于HCl法(41.60%);同时其多糖损失率(36.03%)也比HCl法(14.41%)大;乙醇分级沉淀灵芝多糖研究表明,40%、65%和80%乙醇沉淀灵芝多糖量比例为0.41∶0.42∶0.17;多糖浓度与清除羟基自由基和超氧阴离子的能力呈正相关,且分级沉淀的多糖在等浓度条件下其抗氧化性也显示出明显差异,总的清除能力为80%乙醇40%乙醇65%乙醇。  相似文献   

SHORT COMMUNICATION: Neutrophil oxidative metabolism and haemogram of sheep experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus and supplemented with selenium and vitamin E     

E. V. De Camargo  S. T. Dos Anjos Lopes  M. M. Costa  F. Paim  C. S. Barbosa  M. L. R. Leal 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(5):e1-e6

The objective of this study was to evaluate neutrophil oxidative metabolism and haemogram in sheep experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus and supplemented with selenium and vitamin E. Twenty male Corriedale sheep were utilised and distributed into four experimental groups each with five animals infected with larvae: G1‐ supplemented with sodium selenite, 0.2 mg/kg body weight (bw) given intramuscularly (IM); G2‐ supplemented with sodium selenite and vitamin E, 0.2 mg/kg bw and 2000 IU per animal, respectively, both IM; G3‐ supplemented with vitamin E, 2000 IU per animal IM; G4‐ not supplemented. A haemogram and the number of parasite eggs were determined in samples of blood and faeces, respectively, on days zero (T0), 20 (T1), 40 (T2) and 60 (T3) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) assays were performed on heparinized blood samples taken on days zero, 30 and 60. A lower total leucocyte count was detected in G1 in relation to G4 at T4. Lymphocytes were reduced in G1 in relation to G3 and G4 at T3. In both non‐stimulated (NBT‐NS) and stimulated (NBT‐S) dye reduction assays, there was reduced activity at 60 days, in relation to other times in the groups treated with selenium (G1 and G2). On the basis of results obtained, we conclude that supplementation with selenium provides better antioxidant protection to neutrophils.  相似文献   

The Acidic Probe LysoSensor™ is not Useful for Acrosome Evaluation of Cryopreserved Ram Spermatozoa     

D Castro‐González  M Álvarez  J Muro  MC Esteso  P De Paz  L Anel  F Martínez‐Pastor 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(2):363-367

To try new acrosomal probes for assessing ram spermatozoa, we compared the LysoSensor^? probe, which labels acidic organelles, with the frequently used peanut agglutinin acrosomal probe (PNA‐PE; phycoerythrin as fluorescent moiety). The previous microscopic observations showed a lack of relationship of LysoSensor^? with acrosomal status. Semen was obtained from five rams and frozen in four pools. Each pool was analysed carrying out a triple staining propidium ioide/PNA‐PE/LysoSensor^? Green DND‐189 to test acrosome labelling, and a double staining SYBR‐14/PI, to assess sperm viability. Stained samples were analysed by flow cytometry. All measurements were replicated. Data were processed using agreement and repeatability tests. LysoSensor^? labelling did not agree with PNA (mean of differences: 30.8%; coefficient of agreement: 22.6%), confirming microscopic observations. Nevertheless, when LysoSensor^? was compared with SYBR‐14/PI, the agreement was high (mean of differences: ?0.05%; coefficient of agreement: 5.07%). Repeatability of both methods was high and similar. LysoSensor^? did not seem to specifically stain the acrosome, but it may accumulate in the cytoplasm and label viable spermatozoa. Therefore, LysoSensor^? might not be used as an acrosomal probe in ram spermatozoa, but it could be used in other kind of studies, taking advantage of its pH sensitivity.  相似文献   

Cutaneous hyalohyphomycosis in a girdled lizard (Cordylus giganteus) caused by the Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii and successful treatment with voriconazole     

Tom Hellebuyck  Kris Baert  Frank Pasmans  Lieven Van Waeyenberghe  Lies Beernaert  Koen Chiers  Patrick De Backer  Freddy Haesebrouck  An Martel 《Veterinary dermatology》2010,21(4):429-433

The Chrysosporium anamorph of Nannizziopsis vriesii was associated with dermatomycosis and high mortality in a group of captive giant girdled lizards (Cordylus giganteus). Treatment of one of the infected girdled lizards with voriconazole, which was selected on the basis of in vitro sensitivity testing of the isolate, resulted in resolution of lesions and negative fungal cultures from the skin. Three hours after oral administration of 10 mg/kg, the plasma level of voriconazole exceeded the 0.25‐μg/mL minimal inhibitory concentration tenfold. In conclusion, administration of voriconazole at 10 mg/kg of body weight once daily for 10 weeks resulted in clinical cure and was well tolerated. A longer follow‐up time and larger studies will be necessary to determine the long‐term efficacy and safety of this treatment in giant girdled lizards.  相似文献   

Cutaneous pythiosis in a dog from Brazil     

Rafael Torres Neto  Sandra De M.G. Bosco  Renée L. Amorim  Claudia V.S. Brandão  Viciany E. Fabris  Caroline Estanislau  Eduardo Bagagli 《Veterinary dermatology》2010,21(2):202-204

This report describes a case of cutaneous pythiosis in a 6‐year‐old female mixed breed dog, from the central west region of São Paulo State, Brazil. The cytological and histopathological analyses showed an intense inflammatory infiltrate with presence of numerous hyphal elements, suggesting infection due to Pythium insidiosum. The diagnosis was confirmed by nested‐PCR, which was carried out with specific primers derived from the ribosomal DNA region. The pathogen occurs in Brazil and veterinarians should be aware of the importance of correctly diagnosing this disease and differentiating it from other fungal diseases.  相似文献   

Radiographic Evaluation of the Anconeal Process in Skeletally Immature Dogs     

Jean K. Frazho DVM  John Graham MVB  MSC  DVR  Diplomate ACVR & ECVDI  Jeffrey N. Peck DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Jacek J. De Haan DVM  Diplomate ACVS & ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(7):829-832

Objective: To determine if a secondary center of ossification (SCO) of the anconeal process is present in skeletally immature dogs that do not develop an ununited anconeal process (UAP). Study Design: Case series. Animals: Dogs 77–154 days of age with conditions other than developmental disease of the elbow (n=78 dogs; total elbows=100). Methods: Mediolateral radiographic projections of the elbow were reviewed for presence or absence of a SCO of the anconeal process. Results: A SCO was radiographically evident in 16% of elbows from breeds that have been reported to be affected by UAP. The appearance of the SCO was different to an UAP fragment. None of the elbows with SCO of the anconeal process developed UAP. A SCO was not present in any small breed dogs. Conclusions: A SCO of the anconeal process is uncommon in medium and large breed dogs and the presence of a SCO does not indicate that UAP will develop. Clinical Relevance: Because radiographic diagnosis of a SCO of the anconeal process and UAP lesions have distinct appearances, an earlier diagnosis of UAP is possible.  相似文献   

Long‐Term Outcome after Arthroscopic Debridement of Distal Phalanx Extensor Process Fragmentation in 13 Horses     

OLIVER M. CROWE  BVSc Cert ES    RICHARD J. HEPBURN  BVSc Cert EM Diplomate ACVIM    SVEND E. KOLD  DVM PhD    ROGER K. SMITH  MA Vet MB PhD DEO Diplomate ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):107-114

Objective— To report long-term outcome after arthroscopic removal of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx in horses.
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Adult horses (n=13).
Methods— Medical records (2003–2004) of horses that had arthroscopic debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx were reviewed. Inclusion criteria included: lameness localized to the foot, fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx debrided arthroscopically, and a follow-up period of ≥4 years.
Results— Of the 13 horses, lameness was resolved in 11 (85%) initially but distal interphalangeal joint pain recurred in 2 (15%) within 1 year of surgery. Three (23%) other horses were retired because of lameness at other sites during the follow-up period resulting in 46% (6/13) being not lame and in full work after 4 years. Substantial changes were identified at surgery in the contralateral joint of 7 horses, even when fragments were only present unilaterally.
Conclusions— Arthroscopic debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the forelimb distal phalanx has a good short-term prognosis for resolution of lameness and return to work but a more guarded prognosis for long-term soundness.
Clinical Relevance— These results allow for more accurate prognostication preoperatively and may support early debridement of fragmentation of the extensor process of the distal phalanx.  相似文献   

Economic analysis of risk of gastrointestinal parasitic infection in cattle in North Eastern States of India     

Bandyopadhyay  S.  Mandal  S.  Datta  K. K.  Devi  P.  De  S.  Bera  A. K.  Bhattacharya  D. 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(7):1481-1486

Gastrointestinal parasitic infection is highly prevalent in the North Eastern States (NEH) of India and accounted for significant economic losses across various livestock species. Productivity of cattle in terms of milk yield was estimated to be considerably higher (3,715, 3,590, and 3,154 L) due to strategic anthelmintic treatment as compare to control group (2,928 L). Based on the probability of occurrence of parasitic infection as well as increase in value of milk production, the possible economic gain at state level has been estimated to be Rs. 46 million, Rs. 35 million, and Rs. 14 million, depending upon the different strategic treatment. The government may take up the program to educate the cattle farmers on strategic management against parasitic infecion and simultaneously making available various anthelmintic medicines. This public responsibility of the government to minimize the risk and economic loss due to gastrointestinal parasite infection may reduce the private cost and thereby would increase the social benefits in North Eastern states of India.  相似文献